4 To drive toward a more detailed definition of future skills required, we found it useful to divide the social and emotional category used by the McKinsey Global Institute into two separate ones: interpersonal and self-leadership. We started from four broad skill categories-cognitive, digital, interpersonal, and self-leadership-then identified 13 separate skill groups belonging to those categories. We used academic research and McKinsey’s experience in adult training to define what these foundational skills might be (Exhibit 1).
But in a labor market that is more automated, digital, and dynamic, all citizens will benefit from having a set of foundational skills that help them fulfill the following three criteria, no matter the sector in which they work or their occupation: Some work will, of course, be specialized. Defining foundational skills for citizens
The research identified a set of 56 foundational skills that will benefit all citizens and showed that higher proficiency in them is already associated with a higher likelihood of employment, higher incomes, and job satisfaction. 2 For previous McKinsey work on the role of governments in adapting to the future of work, see Marco Dondi, Solveigh Hieronimus, Julia Klier, Peter Puskas, Dirk Schmautzer, and Jörg Schubert, “ A government blueprint to adapt the ecosystem to the future of work,” February 7, 2020. We, therefore, conducted research that we hope will help definitions take shape and could contribute to future-proof citizens’ skills for the world of work. It is difficult to teach what is not well defined. Governments are keen to help their citizens develop in these areas, but it is hard to devise curricula and the best learning strategies without being more precise about the skills needed. The need for manual and physical skills, as well as basic cognitive ones, will decline, but demand for technological, social and emotional, and higher cognitive skills will grow.
1 For more information, see “ Skill shift: Automation and the future of the workforce,” May 23, 2018. And it has inferred the type of high-level skills that will become increasingly important as a result. Research by the McKinsey Global Institute has looked at the kind of jobs that will be lost, as well as those that will be created, as automation, AI, and robotics take hold. We are less clear, however, about the specific skills tomorrow’s workers will require. We also know that the COVID-19 crisis has accelerated this transformation. We know that digital and AI technologies are transforming the world of work and that today’s workforce will need to learn new skills and learn to continually adapt as new occupations emerge.
0 kommentar(er)
